Firearm.



E. E. REDFIELD.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1, 1913.

Patented Sept. 22,1914.

3 sums-31121: 1.

E. E. REDPIELD.

FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1, 1913 Patented Sept. 22, 19M

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Inventor:

ics.

EDWARD E. BEDFIELD, 0F GLENDALE, OREGON.

. FIREARM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 1, 1913. Serial No. 782,464.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD E. REDFIELD, a citizen of the United States,residing in Glendale, Douglas county, State of Oregon, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the followingis a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,which form a part hereof. I

This invention relates particularly to magazine or repeating firearms ofthe slide-action type in which the several operat ons of extracting andejecting the empty shell, placing the fresh cartridge in the chamber ofthe barrel and cocking the hammer are performed by the reciprocatingmovement of the fore-end or grip-piece which is gener-.

ally mounted on the magazine tube below the barrel. Usually, in firearmsof this description, the barrel is fixed with respect to the frame orreceiver while the fore-end and slide bar are movable with respect tothe barrel as well as with respect to the frame or receiver, but in thepresent case the barrel is movable longitudinally with respect to theframe or receiver and the fore-end and slide bar have only a limitedmovement withrespect to the barrel, the barrel and the foreend movingtogether throughout the movement of the barrel. The immediate result ofthis construction is simplification and compactness, but it resultsalso, as compared with other firearms of like character, such as thoseshown and described, for example, in Letters Patent of the United StatesN 0. 1,031,373, dated July 2, 1912, and in application for LettersPatent of the United States No. 744,627, filed January 28, 1913, in aconsiderable change in the devices which are concerned directly with theextraction and ejection of the empty shell, the placing of a freshcartridge in the chamber of the barrel, and the cocking and releasing ofthe hammer. All of the novel features of construction, some of which arecapable of use in other structures and general combinations than thoseshown and described herein, will be more fully explained hereinafterwith reference to the accompanying drawings in which they areillustrated and in which Figure 1 is a view in elevation of a riflepistol in which the present improvements are embodied. Fig. 2 is apartial View of the same, partly in elevation and partly in longitudinalsection and on a larger scale, the parts being shown in the positionswhich they occupy when the gun is closed and ready to be fired. Fig. 3is a view similar Patented Sept. 22, 1914. c

to that shown in Fig. 2 but with the parts,

in the positions which they occupy when the gun has been fired and theslide bar has been moved a short distance forward in the act ofopening'the gun. Fig. 4: is a view similar to that shown in Fig. 2, butwith the parts in the positions which they occupy when the gun has beenfully opened, the empty shell extracted and ejected and a freshcartridge placed in position for introduction into the chamber of thebarrel when the gun is closed. Fig. 5 is a view in horizontal section onthe plane indicated by the broken line 5-5 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a detailview in horizontal section on the plane indicated by the broken line 6-6of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a view in perspective which shows particularly therelation of the slide bar to the rear end of the barrel frame. Fig. 8 isa detail view of the hammer with its cocking pawl. Fig. 9 is a detailview in section on the plane indicated by the broken line 99 of Fig. 8.Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the sear. Fig. 11 is a perspective viewof the lifter. Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the ejector. Fig. 13 isa perspective view of the slide bar locking lever.

In the firearm shown in the drawings the barrel a, chambered to receivethe cartridge, is secured in or is formed integral with a barrel frameor breach a which is grooved longitudinally as at a to engagelongitudinal ribs 0 of the receiver a, has rearward projections a toenter recesses in the frame 03, when the gun is closed, fOr the purposeof resisting the breaking tendency when the gun is fired, has on itsrear face a tapered vertical projection a to enter a correspondingrecess in the forward face of the frame for the purpose of centering thebarrel accurately when the gun is closed, has on its under side aprojection a for cooperation with the slide bar as hereinafterdescribed, and has in its lower, portion, below the chamber of thebarrel, a chamber a which forms the rearward continuation of the chamberof the magazine 6, the rear upper wall of the chamber being beveled orinclined upwardly and rearwardly, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. Themagazine 6 is provided as usual with a spring-pressed follower b, bywhich the cartridges are pressed rearwardly in the magazine. The framecl, which supports the longitudinally movable barrel (4 and the otherworking parts, is suitably formed to receive such working parts, itsforward upper face forming the breech-blookd. The breechblock isrecessed as at d to receive the head of the cartridge, the sides of therecess being. grooved vertically as at d to guide the rim of thecartridge when the cartridge is being liftedinto position. It is alsoslotted, as at (i for the firing pin. Itre'ceives in'its right hand sidean extractor shown at d in Figs. 5 and 6, the extractor being of usualconstruction. Below that'portion of the receiverwhich forms thebreech-block, the receiver is open to permit the movement of the slidebar rearwardly and the movement of the lifter, as hereinafter explained.

The usualfork-end It is mounted on the magazine Z) and has a limitedlongitudinal movement with respect thereto. Secured to the fore-end isthe-slidebarjlc" which has in its upper face a recess]: for coiiperationwith theprojection a 'o'n the under side of the breech o, therecess [abeing slightly longer than'the projection so that the slide bar may"havea 'limited"mov'ement with respect to the breech, while the continuedmov'm'entof the-slide bar, in either direction,carries"the'breech andbarrel with it.

The purpose of the limited relative 'move n'ieht' is "to'loc'k andunlock the breech and barrel-to and from the frame. The'locking latch71: is'jpivotallymounted in the under side of the breech a and passesforwardly anddownwardly through an opening, indicated at k*, in theslide bar the upper and lower 'walls of the opening as well as theupper' and lower sides of the latch it being suitably beveled sothat, atthe beginning of the opening n1ovement,fwhen the fore-end and slide barmove relatively to the breech and barrel, the latch 70 is lifted frombehind the shoulder d of the frame, by which the barrel was held inclosed position, the barrel being thereby released for the openingmovement. Similarly, at the end of the closing movement of the gun therelative movement of the slide bar 70 causes the latch k to be throwndown behind the shoulder (Z whereby the barrel is locked in its closedposition.

In rear of the aperture is, the slide bar 70' has on its under side anotch k for engagement with the shoulder m of the slidelocking leverorlatch m, as shown in Fig. 2, such lat-ch being pivoted in the frame asat m and having, forward of the trigger guard, a finger piece m and alsohaving, rearwardly of the shoulder m, a cam finger m for a purpose to beexplained.

In rear of the notch 70 the slide bar is has in its under side a notch kwhich, when the gun is closed, stands above a toe o of the trigger 0, sothat the trigger can then be moved to release the hammer. When the gunis not closed and the notch 70 is not in line with the toe 0 of thetrigger the trigger cannot be moved to release the hammer.

In rear-of the notch k the slide bar has on its right hand side a pivotlug is for engagement with the cocking link hereinafter referred to. The'slide bar is centrally slotted, as at k to permit the movement of thelifter and it has on its upper side two lugs 7a, which are beveled offat their forward ends. These lugs move between the lugs a of the breechand act as a cut-off to prevent the rearward movement of the next cartridge from the magazine when the cartridge has already been placed, inthe opening movement of the gun, inposition for introduction into thechamber of the barrel.

The rear cross bar It of the slide bar coacts with the lifter, ashereinafter described, and preferably is chanifered or rounded off forthis purpose.

I The lifter Zyshown in detail in Fig. 11, and in its operative relationin Figs. 2, 3 and his pivoted-at Z in thef-rame and has a projecting pinZ which overlies the slide bar, when the latter is in rear of itsforward position, and prevents the forward end of the lifter fromfalling too far. The lifter has'a forwardly projecting finger I whichunderlies the head of the cartridge; which projects rearwardly fromthemagazine when the opening movement of "the gun commences. It has alsoon its under side, forward of its pivot, a cam projection '1' with whichthe cross bar 0 of the slide bar cooperates in the latter part 'oftheforward movement of the slide bar to raise the'lifter, and with it'thecartridge, to'its highest position. It has also a rear'wardlyand-downwardly extending finger Z with which the cross bar is of theslide bar coiiperates durin" the last part of its're'arward movement, inorder to throw the lifter down to its extreme low position, the 'pin Zthen entering a shallow, beveled notch is in the upper side of the slidebar, just to the rear of the lugs t. This beveled notch'coacts with thepin to'begin the upward movement of the lifter, to-start the cartridgeinto the guide grooves, at the beginning of the forward movement of theslide-bar. It has also on its upper side a shoulder l which cooperateswith a corresponding shoulder on the hammer to start the hammerrearwardly, during the last part of the forward movement of the slidebar, so that the hammer pawl, hereinafter referred to, may engageproperly the hammer lever also hereinafter referred to, and also so thatthe firing pin shall be withdrawn out of the path of the head of thefresh cartridge as it is moved upward by the lifter.

The hammer h shown most clearly in Figs. 3, l, 8 and 9, islongitudinally movable in the frame or receiver (1 and is driven forwardby a hammer spring h when released by the sear i which is shown byitself in Fig. 1C. The hammer has on its under side a shoulder 7L forengagement with the shoulder Z of the lifter Z as hereinbefore describedand for engagement with the shoulder z" of the sear 2'. It has alsoformed therewith the firing pin 71. which is projected, when the hammeris released, through a suitable opening provided therefor in thebreech-block, as clearly shown in Fig. 3. The hammer has pivotallymounted therein a hammer pawl h which is held normally by a spring h inthe position indicated in Fig. 8, but can be swung from that position ineither direction, the pawl having in its forward end a notch 71 The scari is pivotally mounted in the frame on the same pin with the lifter Zand, having the shoulder i in rear of the pivot for engagement with thehammer, is extended downwardly in front of the pivot somewhat inL-shape, having at the lower extremity of the forward arm 71 a lug 2'which underlies the slide bar and overlies the trigger 0 at the left ofthe lug o. thereon.

The cocking-lever 1), shown in. Figs. 2, 4, 5 and 6, and in part in Fig.3, is pivoted in the frame as at p and has on its left hand side ashoulder 39 shown in dotted lins in Fig. et, which is adapted to engagethe notch h of the hammer pawl h At its lower end, as at 20 thecocking-lever p engages a link 0* which is pivoted on the slide bar, thelink forming a connection between the slide bar and the cocking-lever.Normally, when the hammer is in its forward position, the notch k of thepawl 71; is forward of the shoulder 29 of the cockinglever, but theinitial rearward movement of the hammer, through the action of thelifter Z as hereinbefore described, moves the hammer back slightly sothat the notch 72, then engages the shoulder [7 so that when thecocking-lever is swung backward by the rearward movement of the slidebar the hammer, through the pawl k is moved rearwardly until itsshoulder 72 is engaged by the shoulder i of the sear i. It will beobserved that during the rearward movement of the hammer with thecocking-lever the pawl it", having its notch h engaged by the shoulder pswings upward from its normal position, and that when the hammer isreleased by the slipping of the shoulder p rearwardly and upwardly fromthe notch h the pawl, being then disengaged from the shoulder p swingsdown under the shoulder p its notched end it passing slightly forward ofthe shoulder 12 It will also be observed that in the forward movement ofthe .hammer it slides upon the inclined rear end m of the slide lock mand throws the rear end of the lock downwardly so that as soon as thefiring pin strikes the cartridge the slide bar is unlocked and the gunmade ready to be opened by the forward movement of the fore-end andbarrel.

The ejector, shown at tin Figs. 5, 6 and 12, is mounted in a suitablecavity in the frame and is thrown forward by a spring 23, excessiveforward movement being prevented by a pin 6 The ejector is slittedlongitudinally, as at 13 to form, adjacent to the axis of the gun, asprlng finger i which is provided, on the side adjacent to the axis ofthe gun, with a lug t which is beveled on its rear side, so as to slipover the rim of the cartridge in the rearward movement of; the ejectorwhen it is pushed back by the barrel in the closing movement. In therearmost position of the ejector the lug t stands behind the rim of thecartridge, so that when the ejector is released, in the forward;-movement of the barrel the lug t engages the rim of thecartridge andsnaps the empty shell out to the right. The spring member 2% acts as aspring holder for the cartridge when the cartridge is pressed up wardinto place by the lifter.

In describing the operation of the firearm as a whole, so far as thatmay be necessary, it may be assumed firstthat the gun is closed with thehammer cocked, and in readiness; to be discharged, the parts being thenin the positions shown in Fig. 2. .A pull upon the trigger 0 presses theforward end. 21 of the sear 11 upward and the rear end downward, therebyreleasing the hammer and: permitting it to be thrown forward by thespring IL so that the firing pin k may strike the head of the cartridgeand explodev it. The movement of the trigger necessary to release thehammer is possible only when the; gun is closed and all of the parts arein proper position for firing by reason of the fact that only at thattime is the notch k in the under side of the slide bar is in a positionwith respect to the lug or toe 0 of the; trigger to permit its efiectivemovement. In the forward movement of the hammer h the forward end of thehammer pawl ht yielding downwardly passes under the shoulder p of thecocking-lever p. In the last part. of the forward movement of the hammerit rides upon the inclined rear end m of the slide locking lever m andthrows it down, withdrawing the shoulder m from the notch k in the underside of the slide bar is, there-'5- by unlocking the slide bar andplacing it in readiness to be drawn forward by movement of the fore-end76. Although the slide bar is thus released at or even slightly beforethe instant of explosion, the period is so brief that it is practicallyimpossible rat to move the fore-end forward until the car- 3, withv therim-of its head in.or just below the-grooves Td ;=at-..the.sides of thebreechblock, resting. also uponsthe' lugs k on-the .upper side of..theslide bar. If the; gun is now to be opened the fore-end 7c is grasped bythe hand-and pushed forward. .As already described the fore-endhas. alimited movement .with. respect to thebarrel, the effect of which is to.raiseithe latch H from of the cocking-lever p, engagingithe notched endof the pawl h and swinging backward,

10 behind the shoulder d whereby the barrel against the under side ofthe lifter in rear of 75 also isreleased from the frameso that it itspivot, will throw the forward end of the" emay' be drawn forward inthecontinued lifter down and finally the cross bar, acting movement-of-the-;fore-end. uThis-,forward against the tail Z of the lifter willthrow movementof theabarrel extracts the empty the forward end of thelifter down to its :.shell from'xthe chamber: of-,the..barrel,. orlowest position. Finally the relative move- 8o y draws the barrelfromihe empty shell which ment of the fore-end with respect to the. bar

. is-held against th -.breech-block .-as already rel takes place andthereby thelatch is d ib dand, when .the barrelhas been caused to dropbehind the shoulder d ofthe drawn-partwayforward, softhatithe emptyframe and to lockthe barrel in itsfiringpogozishell--is-.disengagedrfrom; the chamber of sition. The gunis'now in readiness to b43 the barrel, the .ejector t snaps forward and-.-ejectszthe-emptyqshell.

. In-thebeginmng of the movement ofthe v.slidesbar the crossbar 10thereof; moves 25 :-.frcm-under.the tail Ziofthelifter andleaves firedand the cycle of operations, to be repeated.

It. will be understood that various changes in details of construction.and arrangement :may; be made-without departing from the;

:the-lifter free, butyasgthe slide barv approaches the-forward limit.Of'itS movement thev bar 70?? acts against the cam projection Z toraise the-forwardend of the lifter from spirit of thezinventionzandlalso that some of the features; of construction :herein shown anddescribedmay ibezused tov advantage in other combinations than thatshown and de- 3o-sthe-posit-ion indicated in Figs. Zand 3 to the scribedherein.

- positionindicated in Fig. 4,;the fresh .oar- Lclailn-as my invention.:

tridge-';bei11g =thereby-carried upward from 1. In a.firearm,.thecombination of a retheupositiongshownzin .Fig. 3 to the position ceiver,a'barrel longitudinally movable in shownin Fig. 4, thecartridge beingguided the receiver, a slide bar also movable longi- 35byczthesvengagementiof .its ;.'rimwith the tudinally in the receiver,devices to connect; grooves 4 above mentioned. At the same the barreland slide bar, and aslide lock co- .time the lugs is? on the upper sideof the :cperating directly with the slide bar.

I slide bar, which, at the beginning of the 2. In a firearm, thecombination of a removement of=the fore-end.were.drawn forceiverhaving alocking shoulder, a barrel s 40 wardwith-respect to the barrel so as topremovable longitudinally; in the receiver, a vent-the movementrearwardly of the next slide bar also movable longitudinally in thecartridge are holding-that next cartridge in receiver and having alimited movement zthe chamberabelow.itheibarrel, as shown in withrespect to the barrel, a slide lock co- Fig. 4. In the movement. of thebar 717 of operating with the slide bar, and a latch 45 the slide barfrom below the tail Z of the carriedby thebarrel and actuated by theliftenas already describedzthe lifter at first relative movement oftheslide to lock and risesslightlyat its forward .end, and as theunlock'the barrel.

-slide bar.apprcaches-theforward limit of its 3. In a firearm, thecombination of a re- --movement;the forward-iend of the lifter is ceiverhaving a locking shoulder, a barrel 7 50' raised, as already described,not only lifting movable longitudinally in the receiver, a

the fresh cartridge completely into position slide bar also movablelongitudinally in the but at the same time,lthrough-the action ofreceiver and having a limited movement the shoulder Z on the lifteragainst the with respect to the barrel, a slide lock coshoulder k of thehammer, drawing the operating with the slide bar, and a latch v55 hammerbackslightly so as to withdraw the pivotally mounted on the barrel andadaptedv firing pin 'h. from the path of the head of to engage theshoulder of the receiver, the

- the cartridge and also drawing the notched slide bar having shouldersto engage the end of-the latch k on the hammer back of latch and actuateit in the relative movethe shoulder p of the cocking-lever, so that mentof the slide bar.

. 60 such notched end of the pawl may move into at. In a firearm, anejector which comthe path of the shoulder 22 in its rearward prises alongitudinally movable rod slitted movement. In the rearward movement oflongitudinally to form a spring member to the fore-end and barrel, theslide bar and press laterally against the cartridge. barrel at firsttravel together and during 5. In a firearm, an ejector which comthispart of the movement the shoulder p prises a longitudinally movable rod,said-13c rod being slitted longitudinally to form a yielding member andsaid member provided on its lateral face with a lug to engage thecartridge rim.

6. In a firearm, an ejector which comprises a longitudinally movablerod, said rod being slitted longitudinally to form a yielding member andsaid member provided on its lateral face with a lug to engage thecartridge rim, said lug having a beveled rear face and a fiat frontface.

7. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a barrel movablelongitudinally in the receiver and an ejector mounted movably in thereceiver, said ejector having a longitudinal yielding member with a lugon its lateral face to engage the head of the cartridge.

8. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a slide bar having inits under side a notch, a hammer, an L-shaped pivoted sear having at itsforward and lowerend a pro jecting lug and a trigger to cooperate withthe projecting lug of the scar and having a toe to enter the notch ofthe slide bar when the gun is closed.

9. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a barrel movablelongitudinally in the receiver, a magazine movable with the barrel, anda slide bar also movable longitudinally in the receiver and having alimited movement with respect to the magazine, said slide bar having alug to prevent the exit of a cartridge from the magazine when the slidebar is in its forward position relative to the magazine.

10. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a longitudinallymovable hammer mounted in the receiver and a pivoted lifter also mountedin the receiver, the hammer and the lifter having cooperating shoulderswhereby the hammer is withdrawn slightly from its extreme forwardposition by the operative movement of the lifter.

11. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a hammer movablelongitudinally in the receiver and having a firing pin and a pivotedlifter mounted in the receiver, the hammer and the lifter havingcooperating shoulders whereby the hammer is withdrawn slightly from itsextreme forward position by the operative movement of the lifter.

12. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a hammer and a lifter,the hammer and lifter being both mounted in the frame the lifter on afixed axis and having operative connections whereby the hammer is movedby the movement of the lifter.

13. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a lifter pivotallymounted therein and having a lateral pin forward of its pivot and aslide bar to co-act with said pin during the rearward movement of theslide bar to support the lifter and having in its upper side a shallowbeveled notch to cooperate with said pin at the beginning of themovement of the slide bar and start the upward movement of the lifter.

14. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a lifter pivotallymounted therein and having forward of its pivot a laterally projectingpin and having on its under side forward of the pin a cam projection anda slide bar having in its upper side a tapered notch to cooperate withsaid pin to start the movement of the lifter during the beginning of theforward movement of the cross bar and having at its rear end a cross barto cooperate with said cam projection to complete the movement of thelifter during the ll)ast of the forward movement of the slide 15. In afirearm, the combination of a receiver, a lifter pivotally mountedtherein and having a tail piece extended to the rear of the pivot andinclined downwardly, and a slide bar having at its rear end a cross barto cooperate with the tail piece and effect the downward movement of theforward end of the lifter.

16. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a lifter pivotallymounted therein and having on its under side, forward of the pivot, acam projection and having a tail piece inclined downwardly at its rearend, and a slide bar having at its rear end a cross bar to cooperatewith the cam projection and raise the lifter at the end of the forwardmovement of the slide bar and to cooperate with a curved tail pieceduring the last of the rearward movement of the slide bar to lower thelifter.

17. In a firearm, the combination of a receiver, a hammer, a hammer pawlmounted on the hammer, a cocking-lever and a slide bar, thecocking-lever having operative engagement with the pawl and operativeconnections with the slide bar.

18. In a firearm, the combination of a re ceiver, a hammer, aspring-pressed hammer pawl yieldable in either direction from normalposition, a cocking-lever pivotally mounted in the receiver and adaptedto engage the pawl and a slide bar connected to the cocking-lever.

This specification signed and witnessed this 26th day of July A. D.,1913.

EDWARD E. REDFIELD.

Signed in the presence of H. Ro'rHERMnL, W. R. DE LAY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

